What is a characteristic of electromagnetic energy?

Electromagnetic energy is characterized by the ability to be absorbed by matter. This absorption occurs when electromagnetic radiation interacts with atoms, molecules, or surfaces, leading to energy transfer that can result in various physical effects such as heating, ionization, or changes in electron states. For instance, when light (a form of electromagnetic energy) strikes an object, it can be absorbed, causing that object to heat up or undergo a chemical reaction.

The other choices do not accurately define a characteristic of electromagnetic energy. Potential energy refers to energy stored due to an object's position and is not applicable to electromagnetic energy in the same way. The idea that electromagnetic energy is always associated with motion misinterprets its nature since it can exist in stationary waves, such as those in a standing wave pattern. Lastly, while electromagnetic energy does not have a tangible physical representation like solid objects do, it interacts with the physical world through its effects, making this description misleading.

Overall, the correct answer highlights the fundamental interaction of electromagnetic energy with matter, which is crucial in understanding various scientific principles, ranging from physics to chemistry.